?问题说明

Kubetail 是一个 bash 脚本，它使您能够将来自多个 pod 的日志聚合（tail/follow）到一个流中

这与运行 `kubectl logs -f` 相同，但适用于多个 pod

?使用举例

直接tail应用

$ kubetail app2

指定?应用?和?容器?

$ kubetail app2 -c container1

可以?使用?-c tail多个?容器?

$ kubetail app2 -c container1 -c container2

使用?逗号?分隔?多个?应用?

$ kubetail app1,app2

高级?用法?当然?也不能?少了?正则?表达?式了?

$ kubetail "^app1|.*my-demo.*" --regex

?脚本分享

#!/bin/bash
if [ -z "${KUBECTL_BIN}" ]; then
	if hash kubectl 2>/dev/null; then
		KUBECTL_BIN='kubectl'
	elif hash kubectl.exe 2>/dev/null; then
		KUBECTL_BIN='kubectl.exe'
	elif hash microk8s 2>/dev/null; then
		KUBECTL_BIN='microk8s.kubectl'
	fi
fi

if ! hash "${KUBECTL_BIN}" 2>/dev/null; then
	echo >&2 "kubectl is not installed"
	exit 1
fi

readonly PROGNAME=$(basename $0)

calculate_default_namespace() {
	local config_namespace=$(${KUBECTL_BIN} config view --minify --output 'jsonpath={..namespace}')
	echo "${KUBETAIL_NAMESPACE:-${config_namespace:-default}}"
}

# Sets default color ouput to 'false' if output is not a terminal
terminal_aware_default_color=line
[ ! -t 1 ] && terminal_aware_default_color=false

default_previous="${KUBETAIL_PREVIOUS:-false}"
default_since="${KUBETAIL_SINCE:-10s}"
default_namespace=$(calculate_default_namespace)
default_follow="${KUBETAIL_FOLLOW:-true}"
default_prefix="${KUBETAIL_PREFIX:-true}"
default_line_buffered="${KUBETAIL_LINE_BUFFERED:-}"
default_colored_output="${KUBETAIL_COLORED_OUTPUT:-$terminal_aware_default_color}"
default_timestamps="${KUBETAIL_TIMESTAMPS:-}"
default_jq_selector="${KUBETAIL_JQ_SELECTOR:-}"
default_skip_colors="${KUBETAIL_SKIP_COLORS:-7,8}"
default_tail="${KUBETAIL_TAIL:--1}"
default_show_color_index="${KUBETAIL_SHOW_COLOR_INDEX:-false}"

namespace="${default_namespace}"
follow="${default_follow}"
prefix="${default_prefix}"
line_buffered="${default_line_buffered}"
colored_output="${default_colored_output}"
timestamps="${default_timestamps}"
jq_selector="${default_jq_selector}"
skip_colors="${default_skip_colors}"
tail="${default_tail}"
show_color_index="${default_show_color_index}"

if [[ ${1} != -* ]]
then
	pod="${1}"
fi
containers=()
selector=()
regex='substring'
previous="${default_previous}"
since="${default_since}"
version="1.6.18-SNAPSHOT"
dryrun=false
cluster=""
namespace_arg="-n ${default_namespace}"

usage="${PROGNAME} <search term> [-h] [-c] [-n] [-t] [-l] [-f] [-d] [-P] [-p] [-s] [-b] [-e] [-j] [-k] [-z] [-v] [-r] [-i] -- tail multiple Kubernetes pod logs at the same time

where:
    -h, --help              Show this help text.
    -c, --container         The name of the container to tail in the pod (if multiple containers are defined in the pod).
                            Defaults to all containers in the pod. Can be used multiple times.
    -t, --context           The k8s context. ex. int1-context. Relies on ~/.kube/config for the contexts.
    -l, --selector          Label selector. If used the pod name is ignored.
    -n, --namespace         The Kubernetes namespace where the pods are located. Defaults to \"${default_namespace}\".
    -f, --follow            Specify if the logs should be streamed. (true|false) Defaults to ${default_follow}.
    -d, --dry-run           Print the names of the matched pods and containers, then exit.
    -P, --prefix            Specify if add the pod name prefix before each line. (true|false) Defaults to ${default_prefix}.
    -p, --previous          Return logs for the previous instances of the pods, if available. (true|false) Defaults to ${default_previous}.
    -s, --since             Only return logs newer than a relative duration like 5s, 2m, or 3h. Defaults to ${default_since}.
    -b, --line-buffered     This flags indicates to use line-buffered. (true|false) Defaults to ${default_line_buffered:-false}.
    -e, --regex             The type of name matching to use (regex|substring). Defaults to ${regex}.
    -j, --jq                If your output is json - use this jq-selector to parse it. Defaults to \"${default_jq_selector}\".
                            example: --jq \".logger + \\\" \\\" + .message\"
    -k, --colored-output    Use colored output (pod|line|false).
                            pod = only color pod name, line = color entire line, false = don't use any colors.
                            Defaults to ${default_colored_output}.
    -z, --skip-colors       Comma-separated list of colors to not use in output.
                            If you have green foreground on black, this will skip dark grey and some greens: -z 2,8,10
                            Defaults to: ${default_skip_colors}.
        --timestamps        Show timestamps for each log line. (true|false) Defaults to ${default_timestamps:-false}.
        --tail              Lines of recent log file to display. Defaults to ${default_tail}, showing all log lines.
    -v, --version           Prints the kubetail version.
    -r, --cluster           The name of the kubeconfig cluster to use.
    -i, --show-color-index  Show the color index before the pod name prefix that is shown before each log line.
                            Normally only the pod name is added as a prefix before each line, for example \"[app-5b7ff6cbcd-bjv8n]\",
                            but if \"show-color-index\" is true then color index is added as well: \"[1:app-5b7ff6cbcd-bjv8n]\".
                            This is useful if you have color blindness or if you want to know which colors to exclude (see \"--skip-colors\").
                            Defaults to ${default_show_color_index}.

examples:
    ${PROGNAME} my-pod-v1
    ${PROGNAME} my-pod-v1 -c my-container
    ${PROGNAME} my-pod-v1 -t int1-context -c my-container
    ${PROGNAME} '(service|consumer|thing)' -e regex
    ${PROGNAME} -l service=my-service
    ${PROGNAME} --selector service=my-service --since 10m
    ${PROGNAME} --tail 1"

if [ "$#" -ne 0 ]; then
	while [ "$#" -gt 0 ]
	do
		case "$1" in
		-h|--help)
			echo "$usage"
			exit 0
			;;
		-v|--version)
			echo "$version"
			exit 0
			;;
		-c|--container)
			containers+=("$2")
			;;
		-e|--regex)
			if [ "$2" = "substring" ]; then
				regex="substring"
			else
				regex="regex"
			fi
			;;
		-t|--context)
			context="$2"
			;;
		-r|--cluster)
			cluster="--cluster $2"
			;;
		-l|--selector)
			selector=(--selector "$2")
			pod=""
			;;
		-d|--dry-run)
			dryrun=true
			;;
		-p|--previous)
			if [ "$2" = "false" ]; then
				previous="false"
			else
				previous="true"
			fi
			;;
		-s|--since)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
				since="${default_since}"
			else
				since="$2"
			fi
			;;
		-n|--namespace)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
				# using namespace from context
				:
			else
				namespace_arg="--namespace $2"
			fi
			;;
		-f|--follow)
			if [ "$2" = "false" ]; then
				follow="false"
			else
				follow="true"
			fi
			;;
		-P|--prefix)
			if [ "$2" = "false" ]; then
				prefix="false"
			else
				prefix="true"
			fi
			;;
		-b|--line-buffered)
			if [ "$2" = "false" ]; then
				line_buffered=""
			else
				line_buffered="| grep - --line-buffered"
			fi
			;;
		-k|--colored-output)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
				colored_output="${default_colored_output}"
			else
				colored_output="$2"
			fi
			;;
		-j|--jq)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
				jq_selector="${default_jq_selector}"
			else
				jq_selector="$2"
			fi
			;;
		-z|--skip-colors)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
				skip_colors="${default_skip_colors}"
			else
				skip_colors="$2"
			fi
			;;
		--timestamps)
			if [ "$2" = "false" ]; then
					timestamps="$1=$2"
			else
					timestamps="$1"
			fi
			;;
		--tail)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
					tail="${default_tail}"
			else
					tail="$2"
			fi
			;;
		-i|--show-color-index)
			if [ -z "$2" ]; then
					show_color_index="${default_show_color_index}"
			else
					show_color_index="$2"
			fi
			;;
		--)
			break
			;;
		-*)
			echo "Invalid option '$1'. Use --help to see the valid options" >&2
			exit 1
			;;
		# an option argument, continue
		*) ;;
		esac
		shift
	done
else
	echo "$usage"
	exit 1
fi

# Join function that supports a multi-character separator (copied from http://stackoverflow.com/a/23673883/398441)
function join() {
	# $1 is sep
	# $2... are the elements to join
	local sep="$1"
	shift

	local F=0
	for x in "$@"
	do
		if [[ F -eq 1 ]]
			then
				echo -n "$sep"
			else
				F=1
			fi
			echo -n "$x"
	done
	echo
}

# Check if pod query contains a comma and we've not specified "regex" explicitly,
# if so we convert the pod query string into a regex that matches all pods seperated by the comma
if [[ "${pod}" = *","* ]] && [ ! "${regex}" == 'regex' ]; then

	# Split the supplied query string (in variable pod) by comma into an array named "pods_to_match"
	IFS=',' read -r -a pods_to_match <<< "${pod}"

	# Join all pod names into a string with ".*|.*" as delimiter
	pod=$(join ".*|.*" "${pods_to_match[@]}")

	# Prepend and initial ".*" and and append the last ".*"
	pod=".*${pod}.*"

	# Force the use of regex matching
	regex='regex'
fi

grep_matcher=''
if [ "${regex}" == 'regex' ]; then
	echo "Using regex '${pod}' to match pods"
	grep_matcher='-E'
fi

# Get all pods matching the input and put them in an array. If no input then all pods are matched.
matching_pods=(`${KUBECTL_BIN} get pods ${context:+--context=${context}} "${selector[@]}" ${namespace_arg} ${cluster} --output=jsonpath='{.items[*].metadata.name}' | xargs -n1 | grep --color=never $grep_matcher "${pod}"`)
matching_pods_size=${#matching_pods[@]}

if [ ${matching_pods_size} -eq 0 ]; then
	echo "No pod exists that matches ${pod}"
	exit 1
fi

color_end=$(tput sgr0)

# Wrap all pod names in the "kubectl logs <name> -f=true/false" command
display_names_preview=()
pod_logs_commands=()
i=0
color_index=0

function next_col {
	potential_col=$(($1+1))
	[[ $skip_colors =~ (^|,)$potential_col($|,) ]] && echo `next_col $potential_col` || echo $potential_col
}

# Allows for more colors, this is useful if one tails a lot pods
if [ ${colored_output} != "false" ]; then
	export TERM=xterm-256color
fi

# Function that kills all kubectl processes that are started by kubetail in the background
function kill_kubectl_processes {
	kill 0
}

# Invoke the "kill_kubectl_processes" function when the script is stopped (including ctrl+c)
# Note that "INT" is not used because if, for example, kubectl cannot find a container
# (for example when running "kubetail something -c non_matching")
trap kill_kubectl_processes EXIT

# Putting all needed values in a variable so that multiple requests to Kubernetes api can be avoided, thus making it faster
all_pods_containers=$(echo -e `${KUBECTL_BIN} get pods ${namespace_arg} ${context:+--context=${context}} --output=jsonpath="{range .items[*]}{.metadata.name} {.spec['containers', 'initContainers'][*].name} \n{end}"`)


for pod in ${matching_pods[@]}; do
	if [ ${#containers[@]} -eq 0 ]; then
		pod_containers=($(echo -e "$all_pods_containers" | grep $pod | cut -d ' ' -f2- | xargs -n1))
	else
		pod_containers=("${containers[@]}")
	fi

	for container in ${pod_containers[@]}; do
		[ ${matching_pods_size} -eq 1 -a ${#pod_containers[@]} -eq 1 ] && single_stream="true" || single_stream="false"

		if [ ${colored_output} == "false" ] || [ ${single_stream} == "true" ]; then
			color_start=$(tput sgr0)
			color_index_prefix=""
		else
			color_index=`next_col $color_index`
			color_start=$(tput setaf $color_index)
			color_index_prefix=`if [ ${show_color_index} == "true" ]; then echo "${color_index}:"; else echo ""; fi`
		fi

		if [ ${#pod_containers[@]} -eq 1 ]; then
			display_name="${pod}"
		else
			display_name="${pod} ${container}"
		fi

		if [ ${colored_output} == "false" ]; then
			display_names_preview+=("${display_name}")
		else
			display_names_preview+=("$color_index_prefix${color_start}${display_name}${color_end}")
		fi

		if [ ${prefix} == "false" ]; then
			prefix_line=""
		else
			if [ ${colored_output} == "false" ]; then
				prefix_line="[${display_name}] "
			else
				prefix_line="${color_start}[${color_end}${color_index_prefix}${color_start}${display_name}]${color_end} "
			fi
		fi

		if [ ${colored_output} == "false" ] || [ ${colored_output} == "pod" ]; then
			colored_line="${prefix_line}\$REPLY"
		else
			colored_line="${prefix_line}${color_start}\$REPLY${color_end}"
		fi

		kubectl_cmd="${KUBECTL_BIN} ${context:+--context=${context}} logs ${pod} ${container} -f=${follow} --previous=${previous} --since=${since} --tail=${tail} ${namespace_arg} ${cluster}"
		colorify_lines_cmd="while read -r; do echo \"$colored_line\" | tail -n +1; done"
		if [ "z" == "z$jq_selector" ]; then
			logs_commands+=("${kubectl_cmd} ${timestamps} | ${colorify_lines_cmd}");
		else
			logs_commands+=("${kubectl_cmd} | jq --unbuffered -r -R --stream '. as \$line | try (fromjson | $jq_selector) catch \$line' | ${colorify_lines_cmd}");
		fi

		# There are only 11 usable colors
		i=$(( ($i+1)%13 ))
	done
done

# Preview pod colors
echo "Will tail ${#display_names_preview[@]} logs..."
for preview in "${display_names_preview[@]}"; do
	echo "$preview"
done

if [[ ${dryrun} == true ]];
then
	exit 0
fi

# Join all log commands into one string separated by " & "
command_to_tail=$(join " & " "${logs_commands[@]}")

# Aggregate all logs and print to stdout
# Note that tail +1f doesn't work on some Linux distributions so we use this slightly longer alternative
# Note that if --follow=false, then the tail command should also not be followed
tail_follow_command="-f"
if [[ ${follow} == false ]];
then
	tail_follow_command=""
fi
tail ${tail_follow_command} -n +1 <( eval "${command_to_tail}" ) $line_buffered