目录

1. 将 JSON 转换为CSV
2. 密码生成器
3. 从多个文件中搜索字符串
4. 从给定网页获取所有链接
5. 图像水印
6. 从网页抓取并下载所有图片
7. 低电量通知
8. 计算您的年龄
9. 组织不同类别的下载文件夹
10. 从CSV文件批量发送电子邮件
11. 获取网站的IP地址和主机名
12. 终端进度条
13. 无线密码弹出器
14. 给定网站的快照
15. 将文件拆分为块
16. 加密和解密文本
17. 定期捕获屏幕截图
18. 十进制到二进制转换器
19. CLI 待办事项应用程序
20. 货币转换器
21. 制作一个简单的秒表
22. 用于压缩文件夹和文件的Python脚本
23. 文字转语音

1.将 JSON 转换为 CSV

import json
if __name__ == '__main__':
    try:
        with open('input.json', 'r') as f:
            data = json.loads(f.read())

        output = ','.join([*data[0]])
        for obj in data:
            output += f'\n{obj["Name"]},{obj["age"]},{obj["birthyear"]}'

        with open('output.csv', 'w') as f:
            f.write(output)
    except Exception as ex:
        print(f'Error: {str(ex)}')

2.密码生成器

import random
import string
total = string.ascii_letters + string.digits + string.punctuation
length = 16
password = "".join(random.sample(total, length))
print(password)

3.从多个文件中搜索字符串

import os
text = input("input text : ")
path = input("path : ")
# os.chdir(path)
def getfiles(path):
    f = 0
    os.chdir(path)
    files = os.listdir()
    # print(files)
    for file_name in files:
        abs_path = os.path.abspath(file_name)
        if os.path.isdir(abs_path):
            getfiles(abs_path)
        if os.path.isfile(abs_path):
            f = open(file_name, "r")
            if text in f.read():
                f = 1
                print(text + " found in ")
                final_path = os.path.abspath(file_name)
                print(final_path)
                return True
    if f == 1:
        print(text + " not found! ")
        return False

getfiles(path)

4.从给定网页获取所有链接

import requests as rq
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup

url = input("Enter Link: ")
if ("https" or "http") in url:
    data = rq.get(url)
else:
    data = rq.get("https://" + url)
soup = BeautifulSoup(data.text, "html.parser")
links = []
for link in soup.find_all("a"):
    links.append(link.get("href"))

# 将输出写入文件（myLinks.txt）而不是stdout
# 每次都可以将“a”更改为“w”以覆盖文件
with open("myLinks.txt", 'a') as saved:
    print(links[:10], file=saved)

5.图像水印

import os
from PIL import Image

def watermark_photo(input_image_path,watermark_image_path,output_image_path):
    base_image = Image.open(input_image_path)
    watermark = Image.open(watermark_image_path).convert("RGBA")
    # 为图像添加水印
    position = base_image.size
    newsize = (int(position[0]*8/100),int(position[0]*8/100))
    # print(position)
    watermark = watermark.resize(newsize)
    # print(newsize)
    # return watermark

    new_position = position[0]-newsize[0]-20,position[1]-newsize[1]-20
    # 创建新的透明图像
    transparent = Image.new(mode='RGBA',size=position,color=(0,0,0,0))
    # 粘贴原始图像
    transparent.paste(base_image,(0,0))
    # 粘贴水印图像
    transparent.paste(watermark,new_position,watermark)
    image_mode = base_image.mode
    print(image_mode)
    if image_mode == 'RGB':
        transparent = transparent.convert(image_mode)
    else:
        transparent = transparent.convert('P')
    transparent.save(output_image_path,optimize=True,quality=100)
    print("Saving"+output_image_path+"...")

folder = input("Enter Folder Path:")
watermark = input("Enter Watermark Path:")
os.chdir(folder)
files = os.listdir(os.getcwd())
print(files)

if not os.path.isdir("output"):
    os.mkdir("output")

c = 1
for f in files:
    if os.path.isfile(os.path.abspath(f)):
        if f.endswith(".png") or f.endswith(".jpg"):
            watermark_photo(f,watermark,"output/"+f)

6.从网页抓取并下载所有图片

from selenium import webdriver
import requests as rq
import os
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
import time

# path= E:\web scraping\chromedriver_win32\chromedriver.exe
path = input("Enter Path : ")

url = input("Enter URL : ")

output = "output"


def get_url(path, url):
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path=r"{}".format(path))
    driver.get(url)
    print("loading.....")
    res = driver.execute_script("return document.documentElement.outerHTML")

    return res


def get_img_links(res):
    soup = BeautifulSoup(res, "lxml")
    imglinks = soup.find_all("img", src=True)
    return imglinks


def download_img(img_link, index):
    try:
        extensions = [".jpeg", ".jpg", ".png", ".gif"]
        extension = ".jpg"
        for exe in extensions:
            if img_link.find(exe) > 0:
                extension = exe
                break

        img_data = rq.get(img_link).content
        with open(output + "\\" + str(index + 1) + extension, "wb+") as f:
            f.write(img_data)

        f.close()
    except Exception:
        pass


result = get_url(path, url)
time.sleep(60)
img_links = get_img_links(result)
if not os.path.isdir(output):
    os.mkdir(output)

for index, img_link in enumerate(img_links):
    img_link = img_link["src"]
    print("Downloading...")
    if img_link:
        download_img(img_link, index)
print("Download Complete!!")

7.低电量通知

# pip install psutil
import psutil

battery = psutil.sensors_battery()
plugged = battery.power_plugged
percent = battery.percent

if percent <= 30 and plugged!=True:

    # pip install py-notifier
    # pip install win10toast
    from pynotifier import Notification

    Notification(
        title="Battery Low",
        description=str(percent) + "% Battery remain!!",
        duration=5,  # 持续时间（秒）

    ).send()

8.计算您的年龄

import time
from calendar import isleap

# 判断闰年
def judge_leap_year(year):
    if isleap(year):
        return True
    else:
        return False


# 返回每个月的天数
def month_days(month, leap_year):
    if month in [1, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10, 12]:
        return 31
    elif month in [4, 6, 9, 11]:
        return 30
    elif month == 2 and leap_year:
        return 29
    elif month == 2 and (not leap_year):
        return 28


name = input("input your name: ")
age = input("input your age: ")
localtime = time.localtime(time.time())

year = int(age)
month = year * 12 + localtime.tm_mon
day = 0

begin_year = int(localtime.tm_year) - year
end_year = begin_year + year

# 计算天数
for y in range(begin_year, end_year):
    if (judge_leap_year(y)):
        day = day + 366
    else:
        day = day + 365

leap_year = judge_leap_year(localtime.tm_year)
for m in range(1, localtime.tm_mon):
    day = day + month_days(m, leap_year)

day = day + localtime.tm_mday
print("%s's age is %d years or " % (name, year), end="")
print("%d months or %d days" % (month, day))

9.组织不同类别的下载文件夹

import os
import shutil
os.chdir("E:\downloads")
#print(os.getcwd())

#检查目录中的文件数
files = os.listdir()

#扩展名列表（如果需要，可以添加更多）
extentions = {
    "images": [".jpg", ".png", ".jpeg", ".gif"],
    "videos": [".mp4", ".mkv"],
    "musics": [".mp3", ".wav"],
    "zip": [".zip", ".tgz", ".rar", ".tar"],
    "documents": [".pdf", ".docx", ".csv", ".xlsx", ".pptx", ".doc", ".ppt", ".xls"],
    "setup": [".msi", ".exe"],
    "programs": [".py", ".c", ".cpp", ".php", ".C", ".CPP"],
    "design": [".xd", ".psd"]


}


#根据扩展名排序到特定文件夹
def sorting(file):
    keys = list(extentions.keys())
    for key in keys:
        for ext in extentions[key]:
            # print(ext)
            if file.endswith(ext):
                return key


#遍历每个文件
for file in files:
    dist = sorting(file)
    if dist:
        try:
            shutil.move(file, "../download-sorting/" + dist)
        except:
            print(file + " is already exist")
    else:
        try:
            shutil.move(file, "../download-sorting/others")
        except:
            print(file + " is already exist")

10.从CSV文件批量发送电子邮件

import csv
from email.message import EmailMessage
import smtplib


def get_credentials(filepath):
    with open("credentials.txt", "r") as f:
        email_address = f.readline()
        email_pass = f.readline()
    return (email_address, email_pass)


def login(email_address, email_pass, s):
    s.ehlo()
    # 启动TLS以实现安全
    s.starttls()
    s.ehlo()
    # Authentication
    s.login(email_address, email_pass)
    print("login")


def send_mail():
    s = smtplib.SMTP("smtp.gmail.com", 587)
    email_address, email_pass = get_credentials("./credentials.txt")
    login(email_address, email_pass, s)

    # 要发送的消息
    subject = "Welcome to Python"
    body = """Python is an interpreted, high-level,
    general-purpose programming language.\n
    Created by Guido van Rossum and first released in 1991,
    Python's design philosophy emphasizes code readability\n
    with its notable use of significant whitespace"""

    message = EmailMessage()
    message.set_content(body)
    message['Subject'] = subject

    with open("emails.csv", newline="") as csvfile:
        spamreader = csv.reader(csvfile, delimiter=" ", quotechar="|")
        for email in spamreader:
            s.send_message(email_address, email[0], message)
            print("Send To " + email[0])

    # 终止会话
    s.quit()
    print("sent")


if __name__ == "__main__":
    send_mail()

11.获取网站的IP地址和主机名

# 获取网站的IP地址和主机名
# importing socket library
import socket

def get_hostname_IP():
    hostname = input("Please enter website address(URL):")
    try:
        print (f'Hostname: {hostname}')
        print (f'IP: {socket.gethostbyname(hostname)}')
    except socket.gaierror as error:
        print (f'Invalid Hostname, error raised is {error}')

get_hostname_IP()

12.终端进度条

from tqdm import tqdm
from PIL import Image
import os
from time import sleep


def Resize_image(size, image):
    if os.path.isfile(image):
        try:
            im = Image.open(image)
            im.thumbnail(size, Image.ANTIALIAS)
            im.save("resize/" + str(image) + ".jpg")
        except Exception as ex:
            print(f"Error: {str(ex)} to {image}")


path = input("Enter Path to images : ")
size = input("Size Height , Width : ")
size = tuple(map(int, size.split(",")))

os.chdir(path)

list_images = os.listdir(path)
if "resize" not in list_images:
    os.mkdir("resize")

for image in tqdm(list_images, desc="Resizing Images"):
    Resize_image(size, image)
    sleep(0.1)
print("Resizing Completed!")

13.无线密码弹出器

import subprocess

data = (
    subprocess.check_output(["netsh", "wlan", "show", "profiles"])
    .decode("utf-8")
    .split("\n")
)
profiles = [i.split(":")[1][1:-1] for i in data if "All User Profile" in i]
for i in profiles:
    results = (
        subprocess
        .check_output(["netsh", "wlan", "show", "profile", i, "key=clear"])
        .decode("utf-8")
        .split("\n")
    )
    results = [b.split(":")[1][1:-1] for b in results if "Key Content" in b]
    try:
        print("{:<30}|  {:<}".format(i, results[0]))
    except IndexError:
        print("{:<30}|  {:<}".format(i, ""))

14.给定网站的快照

import sys
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.chrome.options import Options
import chromedriver_binary


script_name = sys.argv[0]

options = Options()
options.add_argument('--headless')
driver = webdriver.Chrome(options=options)

try:
    url = sys.argv[1]

    driver.get(url)
    page_width = driver.execute_script('return document.body.scrollWidth')
    page_height = driver.execute_script('return document.body.scrollHeight')
    driver.set_window_size(page_width, page_height)
    driver.save_screenshot('screenshot.png')
    driver.quit()
    print("SUCCESS")

except IndexError:
    print('Usage: %s URL' % script_name)

15.将文件拆分为块

import sys
import os
import shutil
import pandas as pd

class Split_Files:
    '''
        Class file for split file program
    '''
    def __init__(self, filename, split_number):
        '''
            Getting the file name and the split index
            Initializing the output directory, if present then truncate it.
            Getting the file extension
        '''
        self.file_name = filename
        self.directory = "file_split"
        self.split = int(split_number)
        if os.path.exists(self.directory):
            shutil.rmtree(self.directory)
        os.mkdir(self.directory)
        if self.file_name.endswith('.txt'):
            self.file_extension = '.txt'
        else:
            self.file_extension = '.csv'
        self.file_number = 1

    def split_data(self):
        '''
            spliting the input csv/txt file according to the index provided
        '''
        data = pd.read_csv(self.file_name, header=None)
        data.index += 1

        split_frame = pd.DataFrame()
        output_file = f"{self.directory}/split_file{self.file_number}{self.file_extension}"

        for i in range(1, len(data)+1):
            split_frame = split_frame.append(data.iloc[i-1])
            if i % self.split == 0:
                output_file = f"{self.directory}/split_file{self.file_number}{self.file_extension}"
                if self.file_extension == '.txt':
                    split_frame.to_csv(output_file, header=False, index=False, sep=' ')
                else:
                    split_frame.to_csv(output_file, header=False, index=False)
                split_frame.drop(split_frame.index, inplace=True)
                self.file_number += 1
        if not split_frame.empty:
            output_file = f"{self.directory}/split_file{self.file_number}{self.file_extension}"
            split_frame.to_csv(output_file, header=False, index=False)

if __name__ == '__main__':
    file, split_number = sys.argv[1], sys.argv[2]
    sp = Split_Files(file, split_number)
    sp.split_data()

16.加密和解密文本

from Crypto.Cipher import AES
from Crypto import Random
from binascii import b2a_hex
import sys

# 获取明文
plain_text = sys.argv[1]

# 密钥长度必须为16（AES-128）、24（AES-192）或32（AES-256）字节。
key = b'this is a 16 key'

# 生成长度等于AES块大小的不可重复密钥向量
iv = Random.new().read(AES.block_size)

# 使用 key 和 iv 初始化 AES 对象，使用 MODE_CFB 模式
mycipher = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CFB, iv)

# 将iv（密钥向量）添加到加密密文的开头并一起传输
ciphertext = iv + mycipher.encrypt(plain_text.encode())


# 要解密，请使用key和iv生成新的AES对象
mydecrypt = AES.new(key, AES.MODE_CFB, ciphertext[:16])

# 使用新生成的AES对象解密加密的密文
decrypttext = mydecrypt.decrypt(ciphertext[16:])

file_out = open("encrypted.bin", "wb")
file_out.write(ciphertext[16:])
file_out.close()

print("The key k is: ", key)
print("iv is: ", b2a_hex(ciphertext)[:16])
print("The encrypted data is: ", b2a_hex(ciphertext)[16:])
print("The decrypted data is: ", decrypttext.decode())

17.定期捕获屏幕截图

import os
import argparse
import pyautogui
import time

parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()

parser.add_argument("-p", "--path", help="absolute path to store screenshot.", default=r"./images")
parser.add_argument("-t", "--type", help="h (in hour) or m (in minutes) or s (in seconds)", default='h')
parser.add_argument("-f", "--frequency", help="frequency for taking screenshot per h/m/s.", default=1, type=int)

args = parser.parse_args()


sec = 0.

if args.type == 'h':
    sec = 60 * 60 / args.frequency
elif args.type == 'm':
    sec = 60 / args.frequency

if sec < 1.:
    sec = 1.


if os.path.isdir(args.path) != True:
    os.mkdir(args.path)


try:
    while True:
        t = time.localtime()
        current_time = time.strftime("%H_%M_%S", t)
        file = current_time + ".jpg"
        image = pyautogui.screenshot(os.path.join(args.path,file))
        print(f"{file} saved successfully.\n")
        time.sleep(sec)

except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print("End of script by user interrupt")

18.十进制到二进制转换器

try:
    menu = int(input("Choose an option: \n 1. Decimal to binary \n 2. Binary to decimal\n Option: "))
    if menu < 1 or menu > 2:
        raise ValueError
    if menu == 1:
        dec = int(input("Input your decimal number:\nDecimal: "))
        print("Binary: {}".format(bin(dec)[2:]))
    elif menu == 2:
        binary = input("Input your binary number:\n Binary: ")
        print("Decimal: {}".format(int(binary, 2)))
except ValueError:
    print ("please choose a valid option")

19.CLI 待办事项应用程序

import click

@click.group()
@click.pass_context
def todo(ctx):
    '''Simple CLI Todo App'''
    ctx.ensure_object(dict)
    # 打开todo.txt – 第一行包含最新的ID，其余包含任务和ID
    with open('./todo.txt') as f:
        content = f.readlines()
    # 从 todo.txt 传输数据到 context
    ctx.obj['LATEST'] = int(content[:1][0])
    ctx.obj['TASKS'] = {en.split('```

')[0]:en.split('

```')[1][:-1] for en in content[1:]}

@todo.command()
@click.pass_context
def tasks(ctx):
    '''Display tasks'''
    if ctx.obj['TASKS']:
        click.echo('YOUR TASKS\n**********')
        # 遍历 context 中存储的所有任务
        for i, task in ctx.obj['TASKS'].items():
            click.echo('? ' + task + ' (ID: ' + i + ')')
        click.echo('')
    else:
        click.echo('No tasks yet! Use ADD to add one.\n')

@todo.command()
@click.pass_context
@click.option('-add', '--add_task', prompt='Enter task to add')
def add(ctx, add_task):
    '''Add a task'''
    if add_task:
        #Add task to list in context 
        ctx.obj['TASKS'][ctx.obj['LATEST']] = add_task
        click.echo('Added task "' + add_task + '" with ID ' + str(ctx.obj['LATEST']))
        # 打开todo.txt and write current index and tasks with IDs (separated by " ```
{% endraw %}
 ")
        curr_ind = [str(ctx.obj['LATEST'] + 1)] 
        tasks = [str(i) + '
{% raw %}
```' + t for (i, t) in ctx.obj['TASKS'].items()]
        with open('./todo.txt', 'w') as f:
            f.writelines(['%s\n' % en for en in curr_ind + tasks])

@todo.command()
@click.pass_context
@click.option('-fin', '--fin_taskid', prompt='Enter ID of task to finish', type=int)
def done(ctx, fin_taskid):
    '''Delete a task by ID'''
    # 查找具有关联ID的任务	
    if str(fin_taskid) in ctx.obj['TASKS'].keys():
        task = ctx.obj['TASKS'][str(fin_taskid)]
        # 从上下文中的任务列表中删除任务
        del ctx.obj['TASKS'][str(fin_taskid)]
        click.echo('Finished and removed task "' + task + '" with id ' + str(fin_taskid))
        # 打开todo.txt and 使用ID写入当前索引和任务 (separated by " ```
{% endraw %}
 ")
        if ctx.obj['TASKS']:
            curr_ind = [str(ctx.obj['LATEST'] + 1)] 
            tasks = [str(i) + '
{% raw %}
```' + t for (i, t) in ctx.obj['TASKS'].items()]
            with open('./todo.txt', 'w') as f:
                f.writelines(['%s\n' % en for en in curr_ind + tasks])
        else:
            # 如果列表为空，则将ID跟踪器重置为0
            with open('./todo.txt', 'w') as f:
                f.writelines([str(0) + '\n'])
    else:
        click.echo('Error: no task with id ' + str(fin_taskid))

if __name__ == '__main__':
    todo()

20.货币转换器

import requests 
import json
import sys
from pprint import pprint

url = "http://data.fixer.io/api/latest?access_key=33ec7c73f8a4eb6b9b5b5f95118b2275"
data = requests.get(url).text
data2 = json.loads(data) #带来请求是否成功、时间戳等
fx = data2["rates"]

currencies = [
    "AED : Emirati Dirham,United Arab Emirates Dirham",
    "AFN : Afghan Afghani,Afghanistan Afghani",
    "ALL : Albanian Lek,Albania Lek",
    "AMD : Armenian Dram,Armenia Dram",
    "ANG : Dutch Guilder,Netherlands Antilles Guilder,Bonaire,Cura?ao,Saba,Sint Eustatius,Sint Maarten",
    "AOA : Angolan Kwanza,Angola Kwanza",
    "ARS : Argentine Peso,Argentina Peso,Islas Malvinas",
    "AUD : Australian Dollar,Australia Dollar,Christmas Island,Cocos (Keeling) Islands,Norfolk Island,Ashmore and Cartier Islands,Australian Antarctic Territory,Coral Sea Islands,Heard Island,McDonald Islands,Kiribati,Nauru",
    "AWG : Aruban or Dutch Guilder,Aruba Guilder",
    "AZN : Azerbaijan Manat,Azerbaijan Manat",
    "BAM : Bosnian Convertible Mark,Bosnia and Herzegovina Convertible Mark",
    "BBD : Barbadian or Bajan Dollar,Barbados Dollar",
    "BDT : Bangladeshi Taka,Bangladesh Taka",
    "BGN : Bulgarian Lev,Bulgaria Lev",
    "BHD : Bahraini Dinar,Bahrain Dinar",
    "BIF : Burundian Franc,Burundi Franc",
    "BMD : Bermudian Dollar,Bermuda Dollar",
    "BND : Bruneian Dollar,Brunei Darussalam Dollar",
    "BOB : Bolivian Bolíviano,Bolivia Bolíviano",
    "BRL : Brazilian Real,Brazil Real",
    "BSD : Bahamian Dollar,Bahamas Dollar",
    "BTC : Bitcoin,BTC, XBT",
    "BTN : Bhutanese Ngultrum,Bhutan Ngultrum",
    "BWP : Botswana Pula,Botswana Pula",
    "BYN : Belarusian Ruble,Belarus Ruble",
    "BYR : Belarusian Ruble,Belarus Ruble",
    "BZD : Belizean Dollar,Belize Dollar",
    "CAD : Canadian Dollar,Canada Dollar",
    "CDF : Congolese Franc,Congo/Kinshasa Franc",
    "CHF : Swiss Franc,Switzerland Franc,Liechtenstein,Campione d'Italia,Büsingen am Hochrhein",
    "CLF : Chilean Unit of Account",
    "CLP : Chilean Peso,Chile Peso",
    "CNY : Chinese Yuan Renminbi,China Yuan Renminbi",
    "COP : Colombian Peso,Colombia Peso",
    "CRC : Costa Rican Colon,Costa Rica Colon",
    "CUC : Cuban Convertible Peso,Cuba Convertible Peso",
    "CUP : Cuban Peso,Cuba Peso",
    "CVE : Cape Verdean Escudo,Cape Verde Escudo",
    "CZK : Czech Koruna,Czech Republic Koruna",
    "DJF : Djiboutian Franc,Djibouti Franc",
    "DKK : Danish Krone,Denmark Krone,Faroe Islands,Greenland",
    "DOP : Dominican Peso,Dominican Republic Peso",
    "DZD : Algerian Dinar,Algeria Dinar",
    "EGP : Egyptian Pound,Egypt Pound,Gaza Strip",
    "ERN : Eritrean Nakfa,Eritrea Nakfa",
    "ETB : Ethiopian Birr,Ethiopia Birr,Eritrea",
    "EUR : Euro,Euro Member Countries,Andorra,Austria,Azores,Baleares (Balearic Islands),Belgium,Canary Islands,Cyprus,Finland,France,French Guiana,French Southern Territories,Germany,Greece,Guadeloupe,Holland (Netherlands),Holy See (Vatican City),Ireland (Eire),Italy,Luxembourg,Madeira Islands,Malta,Monaco,Montenegro,Netherlands",
    "FJD : Fijian Dollar,Fiji Dollar",
    "FKP : Falkland Island Pound,Falkland Islands (Malvinas) Pound",
    "GBP : British Pound,United Kingdom Pound,United Kingdom (UK),England,Northern Ireland,Scotland,Wales,Falkland Islands,Gibraltar,Guernsey,Isle of Man,Jersey,Saint Helena and Ascension,South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands,Tristan da Cunha",
    "GEL : Georgian Lari,Georgia Lari",
    "GGP : Guernsey Pound,Guernsey Pound",
    "GHS : Ghanaian Cedi,Ghana Cedi",
    "GIP : Gibraltar Pound,Gibraltar Pound",
    "GMD : Gambian Dalasi,Gambia Dalasi",
    "GNF : Guinean Franc,Guinea Franc",
    "GTQ : Guatemalan Quetzal,Guatemala Quetzal",
    "GYD : Guyanese Dollar,Guyana Dollar",
    "HKD : Hong Kong Dollar,Hong Kong Dollar",
    "HNL : Honduran Lempira,Honduras Lempira",
    "HRK : Croatian Kuna,Croatia Kuna",
    "HTG : Haitian Gourde,Haiti Gourde",
    "HUF : Hungarian Forint,Hungary Forint",
    "IDR : Indonesian Rupiah,Indonesia Rupiah,East Timor",
    "ILS : Israeli Shekel,Israel Shekel,Palestinian Territories",
    "IMP : Isle of Man Pound,Isle of Man Pound",
    "INR : Indian Rupee,India Rupee,Bhutan,Nepal",
    "IQD : Iraqi Dinar,Iraq Dinar",
    "IRR : Iranian Rial,Iran Rial",
    "ISK : Icelandic Krona,Iceland Krona",
    "JEP : Jersey Pound,Jersey Pound",
    "JMD : Jamaican Dollar,Jamaica Dollar",
    "JOD : Jordanian Dinar,Jordan Dinar",
    "JPY : Japanese Yen,Japan Yen",
    "KES : Kenyan Shilling,Kenya Shilling",
    "KGS : Kyrgyzstani Som,Kyrgyzstan Som",
    "KHR : Cambodian Riel,Cambodia Riel",
    "KMF : Comorian Franc,Comorian Franc",
    "KPW : North Korean Won,Korea (North) Won",
    "KRW : South Korean Won,Korea (South) Won",
    "KWD : Kuwaiti Dinar,Kuwait Dinar",
    "KYD : Caymanian Dollar,Cayman Islands Dollar",
    "KZT : Kazakhstani Tenge,Kazakhstan Tenge",
    "LAK : Lao Kip,Laos Kip",
    "LBP : Lebanese Pound,Lebanon Pound",
    "LKR : Sri Lankan Rupee,Sri Lanka Rupee",
    "LRD : Liberian Dollar,Liberia Dollar",
    "LSL : Basotho Loti,Lesotho Loti",
    "LTL : Lithuanian litas",
    "LVL : Latvia Lats",
    "LYD : Libyan Dinar,Libya Dinar",
    "MAD : Moroccan Dirham,Morocco Dirham,Western Sahara",
    "MDL : Moldovan Leu,Moldova Leu",
    "MGA : Malagasy Ariary,Madagascar Ariary",
    "MKD : Macedonian Denar,Macedonia Denar",
    "MMK : Burmese Kyat,Myanmar (Burma) Kyat",
    "MNT : Mongolian Tughrik,Mongolia Tughrik",
    "MOP : Macau Pataca,Macau Pataca",
    "MRU : Mauritanian Ouguiya,Mauritania Ouguiya",
    "MUR : Mauritian Rupee,Mauritius Rupee",
    "MVR : Maldivian Rufiyaa,Maldives (Maldive Islands) Rufiyaa",
    "MWK : Malawian Kwacha,Malawi Kwacha",
    "MXN : Mexican Peso,Mexico Peso",
    "MYR : Malaysian Ringgit,Malaysia Ringgit",
    "MZN : Mozambican Metical,Mozambique Metical",
    "NAD : Namibian Dollar,Namibia Dollar",
    "NGN : Nigerian Naira,Nigeria Naira",
    "NIO : Nicaraguan Cordoba,Nicaragua Cordoba",
    "NOK : Norwegian Krone,Norway Krone,Bouvet Island,Svalbard,Jan Mayen,Queen Maud Land,Peter I Island",
    "NPR : Nepalese Rupee,Nepal Rupee,India (unofficially near India-Nepal border)",
    "NZD : New Zealand Dollar,New Zealand Dollar,Cook Islands,Niue,Pitcairn Islands,Tokelau",
    "OMR : Omani Rial,Oman Rial",
    "PAB : Panamanian Balboa,Panama Balboa",
    "PEN : Peruvian Sol,Peru Sol",
    "PGK : Papua New Guinean Kina,Papua New Guinea Kina",
    "PHP : Philippine Peso,Philippines Peso",
    "PKR : Pakistani Rupee,Pakistan Rupee",
    "PLN : Polish Zloty,Poland Zloty",
    "PYG : Paraguayan Guarani,Paraguay Guarani",
    "QAR : Qatari Riyal,Qatar Riyal",
    "RON : Romanian Leu,Romania Leu",
    "RSD : Serbian Dinar,Serbia Dinar",
    "RUB : Russian Ruble,Russia Ruble,Tajikistan,Abkhazia,South Ossetia",
    "RWF : Rwandan Franc,Rwanda Franc",
    "SAR : Saudi Arabian Riyal,Saudi Arabia Riyal",
    "SBD : Solomon Islander Dollar,Solomon Islands Dollar",
    "SCR : Seychellois Rupee,Seychelles Rupee",
    "SDG : Sudanese Pound,Sudan Pound",
    "SEK : Swedish Krona,Sweden Krona",
    "SGD : Singapore Dollar,Singapore Dollar",
    "SHP : Saint Helenian Pound,Saint Helena Pound",
    "SLL : Sierra Leonean Leone,Sierra Leone Leone",
    "SOS : Somali Shilling,Somalia Shilling",
    "SRD : Surinamese Dollar,Suriname Dollar",
    "STN : Sao Tomean Dobra,S?o Tomé and Príncipe Dobra",
    "SVC : Salvadoran Colon,El Salvador Colon",
    "SYP : Syrian Pound,Syria Pound",
    "SZL : Swazi Lilangeni,eSwatini Lilangeni",
    "THB : Thai Baht,Thailand Baht",
    "TJS : Tajikistani Somoni,Tajikistan Somoni",
    "TMT : Turkmenistani Manat,Turkmenistan Manat",
    "TND : Tunisian Dinar,Tunisia Dinar",
    "TOP : Tongan Pa'anga,Tonga Pa'anga",
    "TRY : Turkish Lira,Turkey Lira,North Cyprus",
    "TTD : Trinidadian Dollar,Trinidad and Tobago Dollar,Trinidad,Tobago",
    "TWD : Taiwan New Dollar,Taiwan New Dollar",
    "TZS : Tanzanian Shilling,Tanzania Shilling",
    "UAH : Ukrainian Hryvnia,Ukraine Hryvnia",
    "UGX : Ugandan Shilling,Uganda Shilling",
    "USD : US Dollar,United States Dollar,America,American Samoa,American Virgin Islands,British Indian Ocean Territory,British Virgin Islands,Ecuador,El Salvador,Guam,Haiti,Micronesia,Northern Mariana Islands,Palau,Panama,Puerto Rico,Turks and Caicos Islands,United States Minor Outlying Islands,Wake Island,East Timor",
    "UYU : Uruguayan Peso,Uruguay Peso",
    "UZS : Uzbekistani Som,Uzbekistan Som",
    "VEF : Venezuelan Bolívar,Venezuela Bolívar",
    "VND : Vietnamese Dong,Viet Nam Dong",
    "VUV : Ni-Vanuatu Vatu,Vanuatu Vatu",
    "WST : Samoan Tala,Samoa Tala",
    "XAF : Central African CFA Franc BEAC,Communauté Financière Africaine (BEAC) CFA Franc BEAC,Cameroon,Central African Republic,Chad,Congo/Brazzaville,Equatorial Guinea,Gabon",
    "XAG : Silver Ounce,Silver",
    "XAU : Gold Ounce,Gold",
    "XCD : East Caribbean Dollar,East Caribbean Dollar,Anguilla,Antigua and Barbuda,Dominica,Grenada,The Grenadines and Saint Vincent,Montserrat",
    "XDR : IMF Special Drawing Rights,International Monetary Fund (IMF) Special Drawing Rights",
    "XOF : CFA Franc,Communauté Financière Africaine (BCEAO) Franc,Benin,Burkina Faso,Ivory Coast,Guinea-Bissau,Mali,Niger,Senegal,Togo",
    "XPF : CFP Franc,Comptoirs Fran?ais du Pacifique (CFP) Franc,French Polynesia,New Caledonia,Wallis and Futuna Islands",
    "YER : Yemeni Rial,Yemen Rial",
    "ZAR : South African Rand,South Africa Rand,Lesotho,Namibia",
    "ZMK : Zambian Kwacha,Zambia Kwacha",
    "ZMW : Zambian Kwacha,Zambia Kwacha",
    "ZWL : Zimbabwean Dollar,Zimbabwe Dollar",
]


# 以下函数计算实际转换
def function1():
    query = input(
        "Please specify the amount of currency to convert, from currency, to currency (with space in between).\nPress SHOW to see list of currencies available. \nPress Q to quit. \n"
    )
    if query == "Q":
        sys.exit()
    elif query == "SHOW":
        pprint(currencies)
        function1()
    else:
        qty, fromC, toC = query.split(" ")
        fromC = fromC.upper()
        toC = toC.upper()
        qty = float(round(int(qty), 2))
        amount = round(qty * fx[toC] / fx[fromC], 2)
        print(f"{qty} of currency {fromC} amounts to {amount} of currency {toC} today")


try:
    function1()
except KeyError:
    print("You seem to have inputted wrongly, retry!")
    function1()

21.制作一个简单的秒表

import tkinter as Tkinter
from datetime import datetime
counter = 0
running = False


def counter_label(label):
    def count():
        if running:
            global counter
            # 管理初始延迟
            if counter == 0:
                display = 'Ready!'
            else:
                tt = datetime.utcfromtimestamp(counter)
                string = tt.strftime('%H:%M:%S')
                display = string

            label['text'] = display

            # 标签之后（arg1，arg2）延迟以毫秒为单位的第一个参数，然后调用作为第二个参数的函数。通常像这里一样，我们需要重复调用它所在的函数。延迟1000ms=1秒，并再次调用计数。
            label.after(1000, count)
            counter += 1

    # 触发计数器的启动
    count()


# 秒表的启动功能
def Start(label):
    global running
    running = True
    counter_label(label)
    start['state'] = 'disabled'
    stop['state'] = 'normal'
    reset['state'] = 'normal'


# 秒表的停止功能
def Stop():
    global running
    start['state'] = 'normal'
    stop['state'] = 'disabled'
    reset['state'] = 'normal'
    running = False


# 秒表的重置功能
def Reset(label):
    global counter
    counter = 0
    # 如果按下停止按钮后按下复位按钮。
    if not running:
        reset['state'] = 'disabled'
        label['text'] = '00:00:00'
    # If reset is pressed while the stopwatch is running. 
    else:
        label['text'] = '00:00:00'


root = Tkinter.Tk()
root.title("Stopwatch")

# 修复窗口大小
root.minsize(width=250, height=70)
label = Tkinter.Label(root, text='Ready!', fg='black', font='Verdana 30 bold')
label.pack()
f = Tkinter.Frame(root)
start = Tkinter.Button(f, text='Start', width=6, command=lambda: Start(label))
stop = Tkinter.Button(f, text='Stop', width=6, state='disabled', command=Stop)
reset = Tkinter.Button(f, text='Reset', width=6, state='disabled', command=lambda: Reset(label))
f.pack(anchor='center', pady=5)
start.pack(side='left')
stop.pack(side='left')
reset.pack(side='left')
root.mainloop()

22.用于压缩文件夹和文件的Python脚本

import zipfile
import sys
import os


# 压缩文件功能
def zip_file(file_path):
    compress_file = zipfile.ZipFile(file_path + '.zip', 'w')
    compress_file.write(path, compress_type=zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)
    compress_file.close()


# 声明函数以返回特定目录的所有文件路径
def retrieve_file_paths(dir_name):
    # 设置文件路径变量
    file_paths = []

    # 读取所有目录、子目录和文件列表
    for root, directories, files in os.walk(dir_name):
        for filename in files:
            # 使用os模块创建完整的文件路径。
            file_path = os.path.join(root, filename)
            file_paths.append(file_path)

    # 返回所有路径
    return file_paths


def zip_dir(dir_path, file_paths):
    # 将文件和文件夹写入zip文件
    compress_dir = zipfile.ZipFile(dir_path + '.zip', 'w')
    with compress_dir:
        # 分别写入每个文件
        for file in file_paths:
            compress_dir.write(file)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    path = sys.argv[1]

    if os.path.isdir(path):
        files_path = retrieve_file_paths(path)
        # 打印要压缩的文件列表
        print('The following list of files will be zipped:')
        for file_name in files_path:
            print(file_name)
        zip_dir(path, files_path)
    elif os.path.isfile(path):
        print('The %s will be zipped:' % path)
        zip_file(path)
    else:
        print('a special file(socket,FIFO,device file), please input file or dir')

23.文字转语音

from gtts import gTTS 
import os
file = open("abc.txt", "r").read()

speech = gTTS(text=file, lang='en', slow=False)
speech.save("voice.mp3")
os.system("voice.mp3")

以上就是23个顶级实战迷你项目！

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