不少同学表示，单词背诵太难了，有时候两三天好不容易背了一个章节，背完下一个章节就忘了前面的。今天要跟大家分享的是托福考试阅读话题和词汇的预测，主要按照话题以及同义词的方式进行了整理归纳，比起按字母死记硬背轻松多了，快快拿起你们的小本本做笔记吧。

社科：推荐关注文明、农业、社会发展

Urban Development in the United States in the Nineteenth Century

steadily = continuously 连续不断地

plague = cause trouble for 折磨，使苦恼

abrupt = sudden 突然的

diffuse = scatter 扩散

Population Revolution in Eighteenth-Century Europe

sophisticated = highly developed 高度发达的，复杂的

surge = sudden increase 突然上升

proportion = size 比例，部分

sustain = support 支撑

Costs and Benefits of Social Life

potential = possible 可能的

heightened = increased 提高了的，增加的

assorted = various 各种各样的

tactic = strategy 策略

Early Modern Industrialization

determinants = causes 决定因素

hastened = rushed 加速，赶快

diffusion = allocation = propagation = distribution 扩散

perfected = completed 完善

Mesopotamian and Egyptian Settlement Patterns

remnants = remains 残留物

exotic = foreign 外来的

dominate = control 支配，统治

contemporary societies = societies that existed at the same time 当代社会

The Collapse of the Mayans

elaborately = with great detail 详尽地

abandoned = no longer occupied 废弃的

entirely = completely 完全地

intermittently = periodically 间歇地

Water Management in Early Agriculture

modest = moderate 适度的

indefinitely = without limit 无限地

compounded = added to 加剧

burdensome = frequent 繁重的

Southwest Agriculture

eventually = in the end = finally 最终

initially = first = originally = primordially最初地

adjacent = neighboring = be in the vicinity of邻近的

dependable = reliable = credible 可靠的

The Emergence of Civilization

durable = existing for a long time without significant damage 耐用的，持久的

defining = identifying 最典型的

domestic = household 家庭的

Costs and Benefits of Dispersal

presumably = It is possible 大概

pertinent = relevant 相关的

subdue = defeat 征服

coincides with = occurs at the same time as 巧合

生物：推荐关注动物行为、进化、灭绝史；植物类

动物类

Metamorphosis

radical = extreme 彻底的，剧烈的

exploit = use to advantage = utilize 开发，利用

apparently = seemingly / obviously 看起来似乎 / 明显地

harsh = severe = tough 严酷的

Temperate Regulation in Marine Organisms

sustained = continued 保持

considerable = significant 重大的

stationary = nonmoving 静止的，不动的

overall = general 总的

From Fish to Terrestrial Vertebrates

advantageous = beneficial = favorable = profitable 有利的

adjacent = nearby = adjoining = neighboring邻近的

increasingly = more and more = progressively 越来越

Bird Colonies

vicinity = region 附近（指地方）

contribute to = add to = conduce to 有助于

exhaust = use up = deplete耗尽

On balance = Overall = In general = To sum up总的来说

Impacts and Mass Extinctions

catastrophic = disastrous 灾难性的

Subsequent = Later = succedent随后的

coincided with = happened at the same time as 不谋而合，巧合

propagated = spread = reproduced传播，繁殖

The Cambrian Explosion

ongoing = continuing 进行的

corresponds to = matches 符合，与……一致

complexity = sophistication = complicacy 复杂性

allowing = making possible = permitting 允许

植物类

Forest Succession

severity = seriousness 严重

induces = brings about 导致

consequently = as a result 因此

catastrophic = extremely harmful 灾难的

The Origin of Coral Reefs

was heightened = increased 提高

prevail = dominate 占统治地位

substantially = largely 大幅度地

initiate = begin = commence 开始，启动

Coral Reef Communities

mechanisms = means 机制，方式

ultimately = eventually = finally 最终

kept in check = prevented = held back = restrained = constrained 阻止，受限制的

securing = getting = acquiring = achieving 获得

Plant and Animal Life of the Pacific Islands

remnants =remains 残留物

remote = isolated 偏僻的，隔离的

cited = mentioned 被引用，被援引

Distribution of Seaweeds

artificial = human-made = factitious人造的

duration = length of time = continuance 持续的时间

diminished = reduced = lessened = decreased 减少

mortality = death = demise 死亡

环境：推荐关注地球大气

Climate Change and the Natufian People

inhabited = restricted 限制

sufficient = enough = ample 充足的

flourished = prospered = thrived 繁荣

drawn to = attracted toward 被吸引到某处

The Climate of Japan

enabling = allowing = permitting 使能够

susceptible to = likely to be affected by 易受……影响的

exceeding = going beyond 超过

cluster = group 使聚集；群，簇

How Soil is Formed

further = additionally 进一步

fluctuations = variations 波动

inhibit = slow down 抑制

impeded = restricted 阻碍，限制

Early Life-forms and Earth’s Atmosphere

altered = transformed = converted 改变

emitted = released = discharged 释放

retarding = slowing 迟滞，减速

abundant = plentiful = ample = affluent 丰富的，大量的

sustain = support 支持，维持

Earth’s Atmosphere

constituent = component = element 组成部分

gradual = slow 逐渐的，平缓的

predominate = are in the majority

diffuse = spread = scatter = proliferate 扩散

天文：推荐关注金星、彗星、火星

Comets

Surface Fluids on Venus and Earth

exceed = go beyond 超过

detected = noticed 发现，被监测到

propose = offer the theory = put forward = came up with 提出

roughly = approximately 大约

modify = change = convert = transform 改变

drastically = extensively 剧烈地

prohibit = prevent = hold back = restrain 阻止

ultimately = finally 最终

Determining the Ages of the Planets and the Universe

inevitable = certain 必然的

accordingly = correspondingly

cluster = group 群，簇；使聚集

enormous = huge = immense = colossal 巨大的

The Cosmological Principle

significance = importance 重要性

essential = fundamental 必要的，根本的

notion = idea 观点

compatible = consistent 可兼容的，符合的

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